Risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 by asymptomatic individuals under different practical settings.
Identifieur interne : 000002 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000001; suivant : 000003Risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 by asymptomatic individuals under different practical settings.
Auteurs : Siyao Shao [États-Unis] ; Dezhi Zhou [États-Unis] ; Ruichen He [États-Unis] ; Jiaqi Li [États-Unis] ; Shufan Zou [États-Unis] ; Kevin Mallery [États-Unis] ; Santosh Kumar [États-Unis] ; Suo Yang [États-Unis] ; Jiarong Hong [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of aerosol science [ 0021-8502 ] ; 2021.
Abstract
The lack of quantitative risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 under practical settings leads to large uncertainties and inconsistencies in our preventive measures. Combining in situ measurements and computational fluid dynamics simulations, we quantify the exhaled particles from normal respiratory behaviors and their transport under elevator, small classroom, and supermarket settings to evaluate the risk of inhaling potentially virus-containing particles. Our results show that the design of ventilation is critical for reducing the risk of particle encounters. Inappropriate design can significantly limit the efficiency of particle removal, create local hot spots with orders of magnitude higher risks, and enhance particle deposition causing surface contamination. Additionally, our measurements reveal the presence of a substantial fraction of faceted particles from normal breathing and its strong correlation with breathing depth.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105661
PubMed: 32968325
PubMed Central: PMC7493749
Affiliations:
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55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mallery, Kevin" sort="Mallery, Kevin" uniqKey="Mallery K" first="Kevin" last="Mallery">Kevin Mallery</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 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University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zou, Shufan" sort="Zou, Shufan" uniqKey="Zou S" first="Shufan" last="Zou">Shufan Zou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mallery, Kevin" sort="Mallery, Kevin" uniqKey="Mallery K" first="Kevin" last="Mallery">Kevin Mallery</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, Santosh" sort="Kumar, Santosh" uniqKey="Kumar S" first="Santosh" last="Kumar">Santosh Kumar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Suo" sort="Yang, Suo" uniqKey="Yang S" first="Suo" last="Yang">Suo Yang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hong, Jiarong" sort="Hong, Jiarong" uniqKey="Hong J" first="Jiarong" last="Hong">Jiarong Hong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>55414</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of aerosol science</title><idno type="ISSN">0021-8502</idno><imprint><date when="2021" type="published">2021</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The lack of quantitative risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 under practical settings leads to large uncertainties and inconsistencies in our preventive measures. Combining <i>in situ</i> measurements and computational fluid dynamics simulations, we quantify the exhaled particles from normal respiratory behaviors and their transport under elevator, small classroom, and supermarket settings to evaluate the risk of inhaling potentially virus-containing particles. Our results show that the design of ventilation is critical for reducing the risk of particle encounters. Inappropriate design can significantly limit the efficiency of particle removal, create local hot spots with orders of magnitude higher risks, and enhance particle deposition causing surface contamination. Additionally, our measurements reveal the presence of a substantial fraction of faceted particles from normal breathing and its strong correlation with breathing depth.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32968325</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>14</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0021-8502</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>151</Volume><PubDate><Year>2021</Year><Month>Jan</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of aerosol science</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Aerosol Sci</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 by asymptomatic individuals under different practical settings.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>105661</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105661</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The lack of quantitative risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 under practical settings leads to large uncertainties and inconsistencies in our preventive measures. Combining <i>in situ</i> measurements and computational fluid dynamics simulations, we quantify the exhaled particles from normal respiratory behaviors and their transport under elevator, small classroom, and supermarket settings to evaluate the risk of inhaling potentially virus-containing particles. Our results show that the design of ventilation is critical for reducing the risk of particle encounters. Inappropriate design can significantly limit the efficiency of particle removal, create local hot spots with orders of magnitude higher risks, and enhance particle deposition causing surface contamination. Additionally, our measurements reveal the presence of a substantial fraction of faceted particles from normal breathing and its strong correlation with breathing depth.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shao</LastName><ForeName>Siyao</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName><ForeName>Dezhi</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>He</LastName><ForeName>Ruichen</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Jiaqi</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zou</LastName><ForeName>Shufan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mallery</LastName><ForeName>Kevin</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kumar</LastName><ForeName>Santosh</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Suo</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hong</LastName><ForeName>Jiarong</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Mechanical Engineering, 111 Church ST SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, 2 3rd AVE SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>UL1 TR002494</GrantID><Acronym>TR</Acronym><Agency>NCATS NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>16</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>J Aerosol Sci</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>1263115</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0021-8502</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="UpdateOf"><RefSource>ArXiv. 2020 Jul 7;:</RefSource><PMID Version="1">32676520</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Airborne transmission</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Digital inline holography</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Exhaled particles</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Particle contamination</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ventilation</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>31</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>03</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>24</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>33</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32968325</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105661</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0021-8502(20)30147-6</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7493749</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><pmc-dir>pmcsd</pmc-dir>
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last="He">Ruichen He</name><name sortKey="Hong, Jiarong" sort="Hong, Jiarong" uniqKey="Hong J" first="Jiarong" last="Hong">Jiarong Hong</name><name sortKey="Hong, Jiarong" sort="Hong, Jiarong" uniqKey="Hong J" first="Jiarong" last="Hong">Jiarong Hong</name><name sortKey="Kumar, Santosh" sort="Kumar, Santosh" uniqKey="Kumar S" first="Santosh" last="Kumar">Santosh Kumar</name><name sortKey="Kumar, Santosh" sort="Kumar, Santosh" uniqKey="Kumar S" first="Santosh" last="Kumar">Santosh Kumar</name><name sortKey="Li, Jiaqi" sort="Li, Jiaqi" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jiaqi" last="Li">Jiaqi Li</name><name sortKey="Li, Jiaqi" sort="Li, Jiaqi" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jiaqi" last="Li">Jiaqi Li</name><name sortKey="Mallery, Kevin" sort="Mallery, Kevin" uniqKey="Mallery K" first="Kevin" last="Mallery">Kevin Mallery</name><name sortKey="Mallery, Kevin" sort="Mallery, Kevin" uniqKey="Mallery K" first="Kevin" last="Mallery">Kevin Mallery</name><name sortKey="Shao, Siyao" sort="Shao, Siyao" uniqKey="Shao S" first="Siyao" last="Shao">Siyao Shao</name><name sortKey="Yang, Suo" sort="Yang, Suo" uniqKey="Yang S" first="Suo" last="Yang">Suo Yang</name><name sortKey="Zhou, Dezhi" sort="Zhou, Dezhi" uniqKey="Zhou D" first="Dezhi" last="Zhou">Dezhi Zhou</name><name sortKey="Zou, Shufan" sort="Zou, Shufan" uniqKey="Zou S" first="Shufan" last="Zou">Shufan Zou</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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